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source: pbslearningmedia.org
Water powered the first mechanized watches. Su Sung, a Chinese polymath, invented the first automated water clock based on escapement theory. But while this particular water clock never received recognition outside China, its mechanical structure became the foundation for the modern European and Islamic clocks in the following years.
In 13th and 14th century Europe, a few non-water-driven mechanized clocks began to appear. Still, their size and complexities limited their use to scientists who designed them.