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The Golden Age of the fountain pen was between the late 1890s to the 1950s. The advancement in technology in this era led to an increase in high-quality fountain pen production and sales. Most of the current fountain pen technology is from this era.
The two world wars that happened during this time motivated pen manufacturers to be resourceful and creative with their materials and designs. The manufacturers switched from expensive to readily available plastic materials. Despite continued evolution, this pen has stood the test of time better than its predecessors. You can still find fountain pens over 80 years old working as well as the manufacturing day.
For most people who collect vintage pens, this period makes up most of their collection. They are not just in excellent condition, but there are so many of them. There are also several exceedingly rare pens available that can be bought for reasonable prices.
Famous manufacturers from this time include Eversharp, Esterbrook, Parker, Shaeffer, and Waterman.